Chess in R with chess
{chess}
is an opinionated wrapper for R around
python-chess, an amazing
library created by Niklas Fiekas. It
allows users to read and write
PGN files as
well as create and explore game trees such as the ones seen in chess
books.
The package is still maturing! So I very much encourage you to send your suggestions and bugs as issues in the package repository.
Installation
You can install the most recent version of {chess}
from
CRAN with:
install.packages("chess")
This should automatically install python-chess to your {reticulate}
environment, but you can also explicitly do it with a convenient
function:
chess::install_chess()
Example
To read an existing game, simply use read_game()
. To explore it you
can use forward()
/back()
, as well as variations()
/variation()
to
see all variations listed for the next move and choose one of them.
library(chess)
# Read first game from My 60 Memorable Games
file <- system.file("m60mg.pgn", package = "chess")
fischer_sherwin <- read_game(file, n_max = 1)
# Starting position
fischer_sherwin
#> <Start>
#> r n b q k b n r
#> p p p p p p p p
#> . . . . . . . .
#> . . . . . . . .
#> . . . . . . . .
#> . . . . . . . .
#> P P P P P P P P
#> R N B Q K B N R
# Navigate to 4. g3
fischer_sherwin %>%
forward(7)
#> <4. g3>
#> r . b q k b n r
#> p p . p . p p p
#> . . n . p . . .
#> . . p . . . . .
#> . . . . P . . .
#> . . . P . N P .
#> P P P . . P . P
#> R N B Q K B . R
# See all variations for 4...
fischer_sherwin %>%
forward(7) %>%
variations()
#> <4... Nf6> <4... d5>
#> r . b q k b . r r . b q k b n r
#> p p . p . p p p p p . . . p p p
#> . . n . p n . . . . n . p . . .
#> . . p . . . . . . . p p . . . .
#> . . . . P . . . . . . . P . . .
#> . . . P . N P . . . . P . N P .
#> P P P . . P . P P P P . . P . P
#> R N B Q K B . R R N B Q K B . R
# Follow the sideline
fischer_sherwin %>%
forward(7) %>%
variation(2)
#> <4... d5>
#> r . b q k b n r
#> p p . . . p p p
#> . . n . p . . .
#> . . p p . . . .
#> . . . . P . . .
#> . . . P . N P .
#> P P P . . P . P
#> R N B Q K B . R
You can also create your own game with game()
and add variations to
it: the move()
function adds moves as well as branches the tree of the
game. Strings are converted to simple moves, while list()
s behave
exactly as parenthesis in PGN, creating a variation of the last move.
Here you can see how to recreate a Scholar’s
mate and some ways to
avoid it:
# Scholar's mate and some defenses
scholars_mate <- game() %>%
move("e4") %>%
move("e5", list("e6"), list("d5")) %>%
move("Bc4") %>%
move("Nc6", list("Nf6")) %>%
move("Qh5") %>%
move("Nf6", list("g6", "Qf3", "Nf6")) %>%
move("Qxf7")
# Last mainline move
scholars_mate
#> <4. Qxf7#>
#> r . b q k b . r
#> p p p p . Q p p
#> . . n . . n . .
#> . . . . p . . .
#> . . B . P . . .
#> . . . . . . . .
#> P P P P . P P P
#> R N B . K . N R
Note that there are many ways to structure the input to move()
. See
vignette("chess")
for more information.
{chess}
also features many ways of seeing both the game as a whole and
the board at a specific point in time.
# Print with unicode (doesn't look good on the web)
print(scholars_mate, unicode = TRUE)
#> <4. Qxf7#>
#> ♜ . ♝ ♛ ♚ ♝ . ♜
#> ♟ ♟ ♟ ♟ . ♕ ♟ ♟
#> . . ♞ . . ♞ . .
#> . . . . ♟ . . .
#> . . ♗ . ♙ . . .
#> . . . . . . . .
#> ♙ ♙ ♙ ♙ . ♙ ♙ ♙
#> ♖ ♘ ♗ . ♔ . ♘ ♖
# Export the FEN of the board
fen(scholars_mate)
#> [1] "r1bqkb1r/pppp1Qpp/2n2n2/4p3/2B1P3/8/PPPP1PPP/RNB1K1NR b KQkq - 0 4"
# See the PGN after some move
str(back(scholars_mate, 3))
#> 2... Nc6 3. Qh5 Nf6 ( 3... g6 4. Qf3 Nf6 ) 4. Qxf7#
# Export the PGN after some move
pgn(back(scholars_mate, 3))
#> [1] "2... Nc6 3. Qh5 Nf6 ( 3... g6 4. Qf3 Nf6 ) 4. Qxf7#"
# Plot current board
plot(scholars_mate)
Motivation
python-chess served as the inspiration (and backbone) for {chess}
.
While the original version (and
{rchess}
for that matter) broadly
handles “move generation, move validation” (with powerful classes and
object-oriented syntax), {chess}
focuses on making it easy to create
and explore PGNs as trees.
By narrowing down the scope of the API, I believe the package becomes more intuitive to people who just want to quickly create shareable game analyses or easily explore other people’s games without having to resort to point and click software.
{chess}
’s first use was helping me study Bobby Fischer’s My 60
Memorable Games. After some very difficult parsing,
I was able to convert the whole book to PGN and upload it to
lichess, but I still felt like the
interface was too clumsy…